Nkhani

Kusungunuka kwa Vacuum Induction
Vacuum casting (vacuum induction melting - VIM) idapangidwa kuti ipangitse ma aloyi apadera komanso achilendo, ndipo izi zikukhala zofala kwambiri chifukwa zida zapamwambazi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mochulukira. VIM idapangidwa kuti isungunuke ndikuponyera ma superalloys ndi zitsulo zolimba kwambiri, zomwe zambiri zimafunikira kukonzedwa kwa vacuum chifukwa zimakhala ndi zinthu zotsutsa komanso zogwira ntchito monga Ti, Nb ndi Al. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi zitsulo zina pamene kusungunuka koyambirira kwapamwamba kumafunidwa.

Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, njirayi imaphatikizapo kusungunula chitsulo pansi pa vacuum. Electromagnetic induction imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero lamphamvu kusungunula chitsulo. Kusungunula kwa induction kumagwira ntchito poyambitsa mafunde amagetsi muzitsulo. Gwero lake ndi koyilo yolowera, yomwe imanyamula mphamvu yosinthira. Mitsinje ya eddy imatentha ndipo pamapeto pake imasungunula mtengowo.

Ng'anjoyo imakhala ndi jekete lachitsulo lopanda mpweya, lopanda madzi, lomwe limatha kupirira mpweya wofunikira pokonza. Chitsulocho chimasungunuka mu crucible yomwe imakhala mu koyilo yothira madzi ozizira, ndipo ng'anjoyo nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zotchingira zoyenera.

Zitsulo ndi ma alloys omwe amalumikizana kwambiri ndi mpweya - makamaka nayitrogeni ndi okosijeni - nthawi zambiri amasungunuka / kuyeretsedwa mu ng'anjo za vacuum induction ng'anjo kuti apewe kuipitsidwa / kuchitapo kanthu ndi mpweyawu. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zinthu zoyeretsedwa kwambiri kapena zinthu zosagwirizana kwambiri ndi mankhwala.

Q: Chifukwa chiyani kusungunula kwa vacuum kumagwiritsidwa ntchito?

Yankho: Kusungunula kwa vacuum kunapangidwira kuti kumangiridwe ma alloys apadera komanso achilendo ndipo chifukwa chake kukuchulukirachulukira chifukwa zida zapamwambazi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mochulukira. Ngakhale idapangidwira zida monga ma superalloys, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi zitsulo zina.
Kodi ang'anjo ya vacuum inductionntchito?
Zida zimayikidwa mu ng'anjo yolowera pansi pa vacuum ndipo mphamvu imayikidwa kuti isungunuke. Malipiro owonjezera amapangidwa kuti abweretse voliyumu yachitsulo yamadzimadzi kuti isungunuke yomwe mukufuna. Chitsulo chosungunuka chimayengedwa pansi pa vacuum ndipo chemistry imasinthidwa mpaka chemistry yosungunuka bwino ikwaniritsidwa.
Kodi chitsulo chimachitika ndi chiyani mu vacuum?
Makamaka, zitsulo zambiri zimapanga chosanjikiza cha oxide pamtunda uliwonse womwe umakhala ndi mpweya. Izi zimagwira ntchito ngati chishango kuti musamagwirizane. M'malo opanda mpweya, mulibe mpweya kotero kuti zitsulo sizipanga chitetezo.

Ubwino wa VIM Melting
Kutengera mankhwala ndi zitsulo, milingo vacuum pa gawo kuyenga ndi osiyanasiyana 10-1 kuti 10-4 mbar. Zina mwazabwino za metallurgical za vacuum processing ndi:
Kusungunuka pansi pa mpweya wopanda mpweya kumachepetsa kupangika kwa non-metallic oxide inclusions ndikuletsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni a zinthu zogwira ntchito.
Kukwaniritsa zololera zapafupi kwambiri zophatikizika ndi zomwe zili ndi gasi
Kuchotsa zinthu zosafunikira zotsatizana ndi kukakamiza kwa nthunzi wokwera
Kuchotsa mpweya wosungunuka - mpweya, haidrojeni, nayitrogeni
Kusintha kwa yeniyeni ndi homogeneous aloyi zikuchokera ndi kusungunula kutentha
Kusungunula mu vacuum kumathetsa kufunika kwa chivundikiro cha slag choteteza ndikuchepetsa kuthekera kwa kuipitsidwa mwangozi kwa slag kapena kuphatikizika mu ingot.
Pachifukwa ichi, ntchito zazitsulo monga dephosphorization ndi desulphurization ndizochepa. VIM zitsulo makamaka umalimbana zochita amadalira kuthamanga, monga zochita za mpweya, mpweya, nayitrogeni ndi haidrojeni. Kuchotsa zinthu zovulaza, zosasunthika, monga antimoni, tellurium, selenium ndi bismuth, mu ng'anjo za vacuum induction ndizofunikira kwambiri.

Kuwunika kwenikweni momwe kutengera kukakamizidwa kwa kaboni wowonjezera kuti amalize kutulutsa mpweya ndi chitsanzo chimodzi chokha cha kusinthasintha kwa njira pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya VIM yopanga ma superalloys. Zida zina kupatula ma superalloy zimadetsedwa, kuchotsedwa sulfur kapena kusungunulidwa m'ng'anjo za vacuum induction kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira ndikutsimikizira katundu. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nthunzi wa zinthu zambiri zosafunikira zotsatizana, zimatha kuchepetsedwa mpaka kutsika kwambiri ndi distillation pakusungunuka kwa vacuum induction, makamaka ma aloyi okhala ndi mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri pamatenthedwe okwera kwambiri. Kwa ma alloys osiyanasiyana omwe amayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira kwambiri, ng'anjo ya vacuum induction ndiyo njira yoyenera kwambiri yosungunuka.

Njira zotsatirazi zitha kuphatikizidwa mosavuta ndi makina a VIM kuti apange zosungunula zoyera:
Kuwongolera kwa Atmosphere ndi kutsika kochepa komanso kutsika kwamadzi
Kusankha chinthu chokhazikika chokanirira pazitsulo zomangira
Kukondoweza ndi homogenization ndi electromagnetic kusonkhezera kapena kutsuka gasi
Kuwongolera kutentha kwenikweni kuti muchepetse kukhudzidwa kwa crucible ndi kusungunuka
Njira zoyenera zochotsera ndi zosefera panthawi yoponya
Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyenera yotsuka ndi tundish kuti muchotse bwino oksidi.