Nkhani

An ng'anjo yosungunuka ya inductionndi ng'anjo yamagetsi yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya kutentha kwa zinthu kuti izitenthe kapena kuzisungunula. Zigawo zazikulu za ng'anjo ya induction ndi monga masensa, thupi la ng'anjo, magetsi, ma capacitor, ndi makina owongolera.

Zigawo zazikulu za ng'anjo yolowetsamo zinthu zimaphatikizapo masensa, thupi la ng'anjo, magetsi, ma capacitor, ndi dongosolo lolamulira.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya magetsi osinthasintha mu ng'anjo yolowetsa mpweya, mafunde a eddy amapangidwa mkati mwa zinthuzo kuti akwaniritse kutentha kapena kusungunuka. Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya maginito yosinthasintha iyi, kapangidwe ndi kutentha kwa zinthuzo mu ng'anjozo zimakhala zofanana. Kutentha kwa kutentha kwa forging kumatha kufika 1250 ℃, ndipo kutentha kwa kusungunuka kumatha kufika 1650 ℃.

Kuwonjezera pa kutha kutentha kapena kusungunuka mumlengalenga, ng'anjo zoyambitsa zimatha kutentha kapena kusungunuka mu vacuum ndi mlengalenga woteteza monga argon ndi neon kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zapadera. Ng'anjo zoyambitsa zimakhala ndi ubwino waukulu pakulowa kapena kusungunula ma alloy ofewa a maginito, ma alloy okhazikika kwambiri, ma alloy a gulu la platinamu, ma alloy osatentha, osadzimbidwa, osatha, komanso zitsulo zoyera. Ng'anjo zoyambitsa nthawi zambiri zimagawidwa m'ma furniture otenthetsera induction ndi ma furniture osungunulira.

Ng'anjo yamagetsi yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yopangidwa ndi coil yopangira kutentha zinthu. Ngati ikutenthetsa zinthu zachitsulo, ziyikeni m'miphika yopangidwa ndi zinthu zotsutsa. Ngati ikutenthetsa zinthu zopanda chitsulo, ikani zinthuzo mu graphite crucible. Ngati mphamvu yosinthira ikuwonjezeka, mphamvu yopangidwa imawonjezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kuchuluke. Ng'anjo yopangira kutentha kumatentha mofulumira, kumakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri, ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndikuwongolera, ndipo zinthuzo sizimaipitsidwa kwambiri panthawi yotenthetsera, zomwe zimaonetsetsa kuti zinthuzo zili bwino. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka posungunula zinthu zapadera zotentha kwambiri, ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati zida zotenthetsera ndi zowongolera zokulira makhiristo amodzi kuchokera ku kusungunuka.

Ziwiya zosungunulira zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: ziwiya zosungunulira zokhala ndi ma cored ndi ziwiya zosungunulira zopanda ma coreless.

Uvuni wopangidwa ndi cored induction uli ndi chitsulo chodutsa mu inductor ndipo umayendetsedwa ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yothamanga pafupipafupi. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka posungunula ndi kutenthetsa zitsulo zosiyanasiyana monga chitsulo chosungunuka, mkuwa, bronze, zinc, ndi zina zotero, ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yoposa 90%. Imatha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotayidwa muuvuni, imakhala ndi ndalama zochepa zosungunula, komanso mphamvu yayikulu yauvuni yokwana matani 270.

Choyatsira chopanda core chilibe chitsulo chodutsa mu inductor, ndipo chimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: ng'anjo yamagetsi yopangira ma frequency, ng'anjo yamagetsi yopangira ma frequency atatu, ng'anjo yamagetsi yopangira ma frequency apakati, ng'anjo yamagetsi yopangira ma frequency apakati ya thyristor, ndi ng'anjo yamagetsi yopangira ma frequency apamwamba.

Zipangizo zothandizira

Zipangizo zonse za ng'anjo yapakatikati yopangira ma frequency zimaphatikizapo: gawo lamagetsi ndi gawo lowongolera magetsi, gawo la thupi la ng'anjo, chipangizo chotumizira, ndi makina oziziritsira madzi.

mfundo yogwirira ntchito

Pamene mphamvu yosinthira ikudutsa mu coil yolowetsa, mphamvu ya maginito yosinthasintha imapangidwa mozungulira coil, ndipo zinthu zoyendetsera mpweya mu ng'anjo zimapanga mphamvu yoyambitsidwa ndi mphamvu ya mphamvu ya maginito yosinthasintha. Mphamvu yamagetsi (eddy current) imapangidwa mozama pang'ono pamwamba pa zinthu za ng'anjo, ndipo zinthu za ng'anjo zimatenthedwa ndikusungunuka ndi mphamvu ya eddy.

(1) Kuthamanga kwa kutentha mwachangu, kupanga bwino kwambiri, kuchepetsa okosijeni ndi kuchotsa mpweya m'thupi, kusunga zinthu ndi ndalama zopangira die

Chifukwa cha mfundo ya kutentha kwapakati pa nthawi yopangira magetsi kukhala magetsi oyendetsera magetsi, kutentha kwake kumapangidwa mkati mwa workpiece yokha. Antchito wamba amatha kupitiriza kugwira ntchito zopanga magetsi pakatha mphindi khumi atagwiritsa ntchito ng'anjo yamagetsi yapakati pa nthawi yopangira magetsi, popanda kufunika kwa akatswiri ogwira ntchito zophikira ng'anjo kuti agwire ntchito yoyatsa ndi kutseka ng'anjo pasadakhale. Musadandaule za kutayika kwa ma billets otentha mu ng'anjo ya malasha chifukwa cha kuzima kwa magetsi kapena kulephera kwa zida.

Chifukwa cha liwiro la kutentha mofulumira kwa njira iyi yotenthetsera, pali okosijeni yochepa kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi zoyatsira malasha, tani iliyonse ya zopangira zitsulo imasunga makilogalamu osachepera 20-50 a zipangizo zopangira zitsulo, ndipo kuchuluka kwa momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito kumatha kufika 95%.

Chifukwa cha kutentha kofanana komanso kusiyana kochepa kwa kutentha pakati pa pakati ndi pamwamba, njira yotenthetserayi imawonjezera kwambiri moyo wa ntchito ya forging die mu forging, ndipo kukhwima kwa pamwamba pa forging nakonso ndi kochepera 50um.

(2) Malo abwino ogwirira ntchito, malo abwino ogwirira ntchito komanso chithunzi cha kampani kwa ogwira ntchito, opanda kuipitsa chilengedwe, komanso osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri.

Poyerekeza ndi zitofu za malasha, zitofu zotenthetsera zamagetsi sizimaika antchito pachiwopsezo chophika ndi kusuta zitofu za malasha padzuwa lotentha, zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zosiyanasiyana za dipatimenti yoteteza chilengedwe. Nthawi yomweyo, zimakhazikitsa chithunzi chakunja cha kampaniyo komanso momwe makampani opanga zinthu zopangira zinthu adzakhalire mtsogolo.

(3) Kutentha kofanana, kusiyana kochepa kwa kutentha pakati pa pakati ndi pamwamba, komanso kulondola kwa kuwongolera kutentha kwambiri

Kutentha kwa induction kumapanga kutentha mkati mwa workpiece yokha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kukhale kofanana komanso kusiyana kochepa kwa kutentha pakati pa pakati ndi pamwamba. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowongolera kutentha kumatha kukwaniritsa kuwongolera kutentha kolondola, kukonza ubwino wa chinthu ndi kuchuluka kwa ziyeneretso.

mafupipafupi a mphamvu

Fungo loyambitsa ma frequency a mafakitale ndi ng'anjo yoyambitsa yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ma frequency a mafakitale (50 kapena 60 Hz) ngati gwero lamagetsi. Fungo loyambitsa ma frequency a mafakitale lasanduka chipangizo chosungunula chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati ng'anjo yosungunula kuti chisungunule chitsulo chotuwa cha imvi, chitsulo chotuwa chofewa, chitsulo chodumphadumpha, ndi chitsulo chofewa chopangidwa ndi alloy. Kuphatikiza apo, chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati ng'anjo yoteteza. Mofananamo, ng'anjo yoyambitsa ma frequency amagetsi yalowa m'malo mwa cupola ngati gawo lopangira kuponyera.

Poyerekeza ndi cupola, ng'anjo yopangira ma frequency a mafakitale ili ndi zabwino zambiri, monga kuwongolera mosavuta kapangidwe ka chitsulo chosungunuka ndi kutentha, mpweya wochepa komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimayikidwa mu castings, palibe kuipitsa chilengedwe, kusunga mphamvu, komanso kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito. Chifukwa chake, m'zaka zaposachedwa, ng'anjo zopangira ma frequency a mafakitale zakula mwachangu.

Zida zonse za ng'anjo yopangira ma frequency industrial zimaphatikizapo zigawo zinayi zazikulu.

1. Chiwalo cha thupi la ng'anjo

Thupi la ng'anjo yopangira ma frequency a mafakitale yopangira chitsulo chosungunula limapangidwa ndi ng'anjo ziwiri zopangira ma induction (imodzi yopangira ma smelting ndi inayo yopangira ma backup), chivundikiro cha ng'anjo, chimango cha ng'anjo, silinda yamafuta opendekera ng'anjo, ndi chivundikiro cha ng'anjo chosuntha chotsegulira ndi kutseka.

2. Gawo lamagetsi

Gawo lamagetsi limapangidwa ndi ma transformer amphamvu, ma contactor akuluakulu, ma reactor olinganiza, ma capacitor olinganiza, ma capacitor olipira, ndi ma consoles owongolera magetsi.

3. Makina ozizira a madzi

Dongosolo la madzi ozizira limaphatikizapo kuziziritsa kwa capacitor, kuziziritsa kwa inductor, ndi kuziziritsa kwa chingwe chosinthasintha. Dongosolo la madzi ozizira limapangidwa ndi pampu yamadzi, thanki yamadzi yozungulira kapena nsanja yoziziritsira, ndi ma valve a mapaipi.

4. Dongosolo la hydraulic

Dongosolo la hydraulic limaphatikizapo thanki yamafuta, pampu yamafuta, mota yapampu yamafuta, mapaipi ndi ma valve amakina a hydraulic, ndi nsanja yogwirira ntchito ya hydraulic.

Mafupipafupi apakati

Fungo la induction lomwe limakhala ndi ma frequency amagetsi pakati pa 150-10000 Hz limatchedwa fungo la induction lapakatikati, ndipo ma frequency ake akuluakulu ali pakati pa 150-2500 Hz. Mphamvu ya fungo la induction laling'ono lamkati ili ndi ma frequency atatu: 150, 1000, ndi 2500 Hz.

Uvuni wa induction wapakatikati ndi chipangizo chapadera chachitsulo choyenera kusungunula zitsulo ndi aloyi apamwamba. Poyerekeza ndi uvuni wa induction wa liwiro la ntchito, uli ndi ubwino wotsatira:

(1) Liwiro losungunuka mwachangu komanso luso lapamwamba lopanga. Mphamvu ya uvuni wapakati wopangira ma frequency ndi yayikulu, ndipo kasinthidwe ka mphamvu pa tani imodzi yachitsulo ndi kokwera pafupifupi 20-30% kuposa uvuni wa mafakitale wopangira ma frequency. Chifukwa chake, pansi pa mikhalidwe yomweyi, liwiro losungunuka la uvuni wapakati wopangira ma frequency ndi lachangu ndipo mphamvu yopangira ndi yayikulu.

(2) Kusinthasintha kwamphamvu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta. Uvuni uliwonse wa ng'anjo yopangira ma frequency apakatikati umatha kutulutsa chitsulo chosungunuka kwathunthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kusintha mtundu wa chitsulo; Komabe, madzi achitsulo mu ng'anjo iliyonse ya ng'anjo yopangira ma frequency amakampani saloledwa kutulutsa kwathunthu, ndipo gawo lina la madzi achitsulo liyenera kusungidwa kuti ng'anjo yotsatira iyambe. Chifukwa chake, kusintha mtundu wa chitsulo sikophweka ndipo ndikoyenera kusungunula chitsulo chamtundu umodzi chokha.

(3) Mphamvu yosonkhezera yamagetsi ndi yabwino. Chifukwa mphamvu yamagetsi yoyendetsedwa ndi madzi achitsulo imakhala yofanana ndi muzu wa sikweya wa mphamvu yoperekera mphamvu, mphamvu yosonkhezera ya mphamvu yapakati yamagetsi ndi yaying'ono kuposa ya mphamvu yapakati yamagetsi. Pofuna kuchotsa zonyansa, kapangidwe ka mankhwala kofanana, komanso kutentha kofanana mu chitsulo, mphamvu yosonkhezera ya mphamvu yapakati yamagetsi ndi yabwino. Mphamvu yosonkhezera yochulukirapo ya mphamvu yamagetsi yapakati imawonjezera mphamvu yokokera yachitsulo pa ng'anjo, zomwe sizimangochepetsa mphamvu yoyeretsera komanso zimachepetsa nthawi ya moyo wa chophikiracho.

(4) Kuyamba kugwira ntchito kosavuta. Chifukwa chakuti mphamvu yapakati pa frequency current ndi yayikulu kwambiri kuposa mphamvu yapakati pa frequency current, palibe chofunikira chapadera cha ng'anjo panthawi yoyambitsa ng'anjo yapakati pa frequency induction. Pambuyo poyika, imatha kutenthedwa mwachangu ndikutenthedwa; Ng'anjo ya mafakitale imafuna chipika chotsegulira chapadera (pafupifupi theka la kutalika kwa crucible, monga chitsulo chosungunuka kapena chitsulo chosungunuka) kuti iyambe kutentha, ndipo kutentha kumakhala kochedwa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pansi pa ntchito yanthawi zonse, ng'anjo yapakatikati ya induction imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Ubwino wina woyambira mosavuta ndikuti imatha kusunga magetsi panthawi ya ntchito zanthawi zonse.

Chipangizo chotenthetsera ng'anjo chapakati chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi chili ndi ubwino wochepa, kulemera kopepuka, kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, khalidwe labwino kwambiri lokonza kutentha, komanso malo abwino. Chikutha msanga ng'anjo zoyatsidwa ndi malasha, ng'anjo zoyatsidwa ndi gasi, ng'anjo zoyatsidwa ndi mafuta, ndi ng'anjo wamba zodzitetezera, ndipo ndi mbadwo watsopano wa zida zotenthetsera zachitsulo.

Chifukwa cha ubwino womwe uli pamwambapa, ng'anjo zoyatsira magetsi zapakatikati zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga chitsulo ndi zitsulo zosungunulira zitsulo m'zaka zaposachedwa, ndipo zakula mofulumira popanga chitsulo chosungunulira, makamaka m'malo opangira zinthu zosungunulira zitsulo omwe amagwira ntchito nthawi ndi nthawi.