Nkhani

Mu makampani amakono omwe amatsatira magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, kupangika kosalekeza kwa zinthu zachitsulo kumatsimikiza mwachindunji denga la chinthu chomaliza. Njira yachikhalidwe yopangira zinthu mosalekeza imachitika mumlengalenga, ndipo mavuto monga zinthu zosakwanira komanso zosakhazikika ndi ovuta kupewa, zomwe zakhala vuto loletsa chitukuko cha zinthu zachitsulo zapamwamba.

Kodi pali ukadaulo womwe ungathetseretu zolakwika izi monga kuponyera zitsulo mu 'malo ozungulira'? Yankho ndi inde - makina oponyera mosalekeza a vacuum. Ndipo gawo logwiritsira ntchito makina oponyera mosalekeza a vacuum ndi lalikulu kwambiri.

Kodi ndi chiyanikuponyera kosalekeza kosalekeza?

Mwachidule, kuponyera kosalekeza kwa vacuum ndi njira yapamwamba yomwe imalowetsa chitsulo chosungunuka mu crystallizer ndikutulutsa billet yoponyera nthawi zonse pamalo opanda vacuum kwambiri. Ikuphatikiza zabwino ziwiri zazikulu za "kuchotsa vacuum" ndi "kuumba kosalekeza" kukhala chimodzi:

Malo osungira zinthu zotayira mpweya: Zimachotsa kwathunthu momwe chitsulo chosungunuka chimagwirira ntchito ndi mpweya monga mpweya, nayitrogeni, ndi haidrojeni, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa porosity ndi oxide inclusions, ndikuwonjezera kuyera, kuchulukana, ndi mphamvu zamakanika zachitsulocho.

Kupanga kosalekeza: Imakwaniritsa kupanga kosalekeza kuyambira pa chitsulo chamadzimadzi mpaka cholimba, ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri komanso yodzipangira yokha, ndipo imathanso kupeza zophimba zazitali kwambiri zokhala ndi kapangidwe kofanana komanso mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri.

Kusokoneza mafakitale ati? Gawo Lonse Logwiritsira Ntchito Makina Opangira Osalekeza a Vacuum

Kugwiritsa ntchito 'chombo' ichi kumapitirira malire a chitsulo chachikhalidwe, ndipo kumabweretsa mphamvu zatsopano m'makampani opanga zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri.

1. Ma alloys apadera ndi ndege
Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Iyi ndi malo omenyera nkhondo a makina oponyera zinthu mosalekeza a vacuum. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri monga ma alloys otentha kwambiri, ma alloys a titaniyamu, ndi ma alloys olondola. Zipangizozi ndizofunikira kwambiri popanga masamba a injini ya ndege, zigawo za injini ya roketi, ndi zigawo za kapangidwe ka ndege.
Mtengo: Mphamvu yotopa kwambiri komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwambiri zimaonetsetsa kuti ndegeyo ili ndi chitetezo komanso kudalirika m'malo ovuta kwambiri.

2. Zopangira mankhwala zapamwamba kwambiri
Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma billet achitsulo ogwirizana ndi zinthu zachilengedwe monga ma alloy a titanium azachipatala (monga Ti-6Al-4V) ndi ma alloy a cobalt chromium.
Mtengo: Chikwama chopangidwa ndi pulasitiki ndi choyera komanso chopanda zodetsa, kupewa dzimbiri kapena zotsatira za ziwengo za ma implants m'thupi la munthu. Nthawi yomweyo, mawonekedwe ake abwino kwambiri amakanika amagwirizana kwambiri ndi mafupa a anthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri popanga malo olumikizirana mafupa, ma implants a mano, ndi zomangira za mafupa.

3. Ma semiconductor ndi Chidziwitso cha Elektroniki
Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Kupanga zipangizo zapamwamba kwambiri monga mkuwa wopanda mpweya, mkuwa woyera kwambiri, ndi mkuwa wosungunuka ndi phosphorous. Zipangizozi ndi maziko opangira zinthu zoyambira za silicon single crystal growth furnace, mafelemu a lead, ndi zigoli zothira madzi.
Mtengo: Mpweya wochepa kwambiri komanso mphamvu yoyendetsera bwino mpweya imaonetsetsa kuti mphamvu ya kutentha ikuyenda bwino komanso kuti mphamvu ya magetsi ikuyenda bwino panthawi yopanga ma chip, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito ndi kukolola kwa chip.

4. Kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha zipangizo zatsopano
Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Mabungwe akuluakulu ofufuza ndi ma laboratories azinthu amagwiritsa ntchito makina ang'onoang'ono opangira vacuum continuous casting kuti apange ma formula atsopano a alloy, kuphunzira njira zolimbitsa, ndikuchita kupanga mayeso ang'onoang'ono.
Mtengo: Anapereka njira yofunika kwambiri yokonzekera zinthu zatsopano kuchokera ku labotale kupita ku chitukuko cha mafakitale, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti zinthu zatsopano zituluke mwachangu.

Kodi chilichonse chingapangidwe? Ndi mitundu iti yomwe ingapangidwemakina oponyera osalekeza opangidwa ndi vacuum?

"Chitsanzo" cha makina oponyera zinthu mosalekeza a vacuum sichikutanthauza zoseweretsa kapena zifaniziro, koma chimaimira mtundu wa chinthu choyambirira chomwe chimapangidwa mwachindunji ndi icho, ndiko kuti, billet kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito mozama. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe ndi njira yojambulira ya crystallizer, imatha kupanga "mitundu" yosiyanasiyana:

1. Ndodo/Ingot Yozungulira
Kufotokozera: Iyi ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri, yokhala ndi gawo lozungulira.
Kukonza kotsatira: Kungathe kukonzedwanso kukhala zigawo za shaft, ma turbine disc, zinthu za bar, ndi zina zotero kudzera mu forging, rolling, turning, ndi njira zina.

2. Chikwama chaching'ono/chosalala
Kufotokozera: Gawo lopingasa ndi lalikulu kapena lamakona anayi.
Kukonza pambuyo pake: komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popinda m'mapepala, mipiringidzo, ndi zojambulazo, ndi gawo lopangira zikopa zamlengalenga, ma board azachipatala, ndi zida zamagetsi.

3. Chitoliro cha paipi
Kufotokozera: Ma thireyi okhala ndi mabowo obowoka amakokedwa mwachindunji ndikuponyedwa kudzera mu ma crystallizer opangidwa mwapadera.
Kukonza kotsatira: Kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pokoka ndi kuzizira kotsatira kuti apange mapaipi olondola osasoka, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo monga zida zamankhwala (monga malo osungira stent a mitsempha yamagazi), mafakitale a nyukiliya, ndi mayendedwe apadera amadzimadzi.

4. Mbiri Zosinthidwa
Kufotokozera: Sinthani ma crystallizer okhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera malinga ndi zosowa za makasitomala, kuti mupange ma billets omwe ali pafupi ndi mawonekedwe omaliza a chinthu nthawi imodzi.
Kukonza kotsatira: Izi zimachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa kukonza kwa makina kotsatira, zimasunga ndalama zogulira zinthu, ndipo ndizoyenera kupanga zinthu zambiri zokhala ndi magawo enaake, monga ma profiles, malo osungira njanji zowongolera, ndi zina zotero.

Makina oponyera zinthu mosalekeza a vacuum si zipangizo zodula zomwe sizingapezekenso, koma ndi chimodzi mwa zida zofunika kwambiri zomwe zikuyendetsa bwino makampani opanga zinthu zapamwamba. Amateteza kuyera kwa zitsulo ndi "vacuum" ndipo amatanthauza kupanga bwino ndi "kupitiriza". Masiku ano pofuna kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, kusankha ukadaulo woponyera zinthu mosalekeza kumatanthauza kusankha mtundu wodalirika, magwiridwe antchito abwino, komanso tsogolo lopikisana kwambiri.
Pamene ena akadali ndi vuto ndi zolakwika zakuthupi, mutha kale kupanga chopinga chanu chaukadaulo nthawi imodzi.