Nkhani

Mu gawo la kukonza zitsulo zamakono, zida zosiyanasiyana zamakono zikupitilira kuonekera, zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukweza magwiridwe antchito opanga ndi mtundu wa zinthu. Pakati pa izi, mphero yopangira golide, siliva ndi mkuwa yakhala ngale yowala kwambiri mumakampani opanga zitsulo chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kapadera komanso ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza zomwe ziligolide siliva mkuwa awiri mitu yozungulira mpherondi ntchito zake, kusonyeza udindo wake wofunikira pa ntchito yokonza zitsulo.

golide siliva mkuwa awiri mitu yozungulira mphero

1、 Tanthauzo ndi Kapangidwe ka Golide, Siliva ndi Mkuwa Double Head Rolling Mill

(a)1）Tanthauzo

Mphero yopukutira yagolide, siliva, ndi mkuwa ndi chipangizo chapadera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zinthu zachitsulo monga golide, siliva, ndi mkuwa. Ili ndi mipukutu iwiri yopukutira yomwe imatha kupukutira zinthu zachitsulo nthawi imodzi, motero imapangitsa kuti ntchito yopangira ikhale yogwira mtima. Mtundu uwu wa mphero yopukutira nthawi zambiri umagwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera zapamwamba komanso zida zamakina zolondola kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kukhazikika kwa njira yopukutira ndi mtundu wa chinthucho.

(a)2）Ntchito yomanga

①Dongosolo lozungulira

Gawo lalikulu la mphero yozungulira yagolide, siliva, ndi mkuwa ndi makina ozungulira, omwe ali ndi mphero ziwiri zozungulira. Ma roller nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri ndipo amachizidwa ndi pamwamba kuti awonjezere kukana kuwonongeka ndi kukana dzimbiri. Kukula ndi kutalika kwa mphero yozungulira kumadalira zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zokonzera. Kawirikawiri, kukula kwake kukakhala kwakukulu, mphamvu yozungulira imakhala yayikulu, komanso chitsulo chomwe chingakonzedwe chimakhala chokhuthala.

②dongosolo loyendetsera

Dongosolo lotumizira ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri lomwe limayendetsa kuzungulira kwa mphero yozungulira. Nthawi zambiri limapangidwa ndi ma mota, zochepetsera, zolumikizira, ndi zina zotero. Mota imapereka mphamvu, yomwe imachepetsedwa liwiro ndikuwonjezeka kwa torque kudzera mu chochepetsera, kenako imatumizidwa ku mphero yozungulira kudzera mu cholumikizira. Kugwira ntchito kwa dongosolo lotumizira kumakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito opanga ndi mtundu wa chinthu chozungulira.

③Dongosolo lowongolera

Dongosolo lowongolera ndi ubongo wa mphero yozungulira yagolide, siliva, ndi mkuwa, yomwe imayang'anira magawo osiyanasiyana a mphero yozungulira ndikupanga kupanga kodziyimira payokha. Dongosolo lowongolera nthawi zambiri limagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba wa PLC kapena DCS, womwe ungathe kuwongolera molondola magawo monga liwiro la mphero, mphamvu yozungulira, ndi kusiyana kwa mphero. Kuphatikiza apo, dongosolo lowongolera limathanso kupeza ntchito zozindikira zolakwika ndi alamu, ndikuwonjezera kudalirika ndi chitetezo cha mphero yozungulira.

④zida zothandizira

Kuwonjezera pa zigawo zazikulu zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, mphero yagolide yasiliva yokhala ndi mutu wagolide wokhala ndi siliva wokhala ndi mitu iwiri ilinso ndi zida zina zothandizira, monga chipangizo chodyetsera, chipangizo chotulutsira madzi, makina oziziritsira, makina odzola, ndi zina zotero. Chipangizo chodyetsera madzi chimakhala ndi udindo wodyetsa zitsulo pakati pa ma rollers, pomwe chipangizo chotulutsira madzi chimatumiza zitsulo zokulungidwa kuchokera mu mphero yozungulira. Makina oziziritsira madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kutentha kwa mphero yozungulira ndi zipangizo zachitsulo kuti apewe kutentha kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka. Makina odzola madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kukangana pakati pa ma rollers ndi ma bearing, kukulitsa moyo wa ntchito ya zidazo.

2、 Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya golide, siliva ndi mkuwa wopukutira mitu iwiri

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya mphero yozungulira yagolide, siliva, ndi mkuwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pakati pa ma rollers awiri kuti aphwanyike ndikukulitsa chitsulocho, potero kukwaniritsa cholinga chosintha mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa chitsulocho. Makamaka, pamene chitsulocho chikulowa pakati pa ma rollers kudzera mu chipangizo chodyetsera, ma rollers amazungulira pansi pa mphamvu ya makina otumizira, ndikuyika mphamvu ku chitsulocho. Zipangizo zachitsulo zimasinthidwa ndi pulasitiki pansi pa mphamvu ya ma rollers, ndi kuchepa pang'onopang'ono kwa makulidwe ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutalika. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha kuzungulira kwa ma rollers, chitsulocho chimapita patsogolo nthawi zonse pakati pa ma rollers ndipo pamapeto pake chimatulutsidwa kuchokera ku mphero yozungulira kuchokera ku chipangizo chotulutsira.

Panthawi yoyendetsa, makina owongolera adzasintha liwiro, mphamvu yoyendetsa, kusiyana kwa ma roll ndi magawo ena a mphero yoyendetsa munthawi yeniyeni malinga ndi magawo omwe adakonzedweratu kuti atsimikizire kukhazikika kwa njira yoyendetsa ndi mtundu wa chinthucho. Mwachitsanzo, makulidwe a zinthu zachitsulo akasintha, makina owongolera adzasintha okha kusiyana kwa ma roll kuti asunge kuthamanga kosalekeza kwa ma roll. Mphamvu yoyendetsa ikakwera kwambiri, makina owongolera adzachepetsa liwiro la injini kuti apewe kuwonongeka kwa zida.

3、 Kugwiritsa ntchito golide, siliva ndi mkuwa wopangira mitu iwiri

(a)1）Kukonza mapepala achitsulo

①Kupanga chitsulo chopyapyala

Mphero yozungulira yagolide, siliva, ndi mkuwa imatha kupukusa zinthu zachitsulo monga golide, siliva, ndi mkuwa kukhala mapepala opyapyala okhala ndi makulidwe ofanana. Mapepala opyapyala awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo monga zamagetsi, zida zamagetsi, zida, ndege, ndi zina zotero. Mwachitsanzo, m'makampani opanga zamagetsi, mapepala opyapyala amkuwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga ma circuit board osindikizidwa; M'munda wa ndege, mapepala opyapyala a titaniyamu angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga fuselage ya ndege ndi zida za injini.

②Kupanga chitsulo chokhuthala chapakati

Kuwonjezera pa mapepala opyapyala, mphero yagolide ya siliva ya mkuwa iwiri yozungulira ingapangenso mapepala okhuthala apakatikati. Mapepala okhuthala apakatikati awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo monga zomangamanga, kupanga makina, ndi uinjiniya wa mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, m'munda wa zomangamanga, mapepala okhuthala apakati achitsulo angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga nyumba zachitsulo; M'munda wa kupanga makina, mapepala okhuthala apakati a aluminiyamu angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zikwama za injini zamagalimoto ndi zida za ndege.

(a)2）Kukonza waya wachitsulo

①Waya yokoka

Mphero yozungulira yagolide, siliva, ndi mkuwa ingagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi zida zojambulira kuti ipange mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mawaya achitsulo. Choyamba, zitsulozo zimakulungidwa mu mipiringidzo ya kukula kwinakwake, kenako mipiringidzoyo imakokedwa mu mawaya pogwiritsa ntchito zida zojambulira. Waya wopangidwa ndi njira iyi uli ndi malo osalala komanso olondola kwambiri, ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'minda monga mawaya ndi zingwe, maukonde achitsulo, masika, ndi zina zotero.

②Kupanga ndodo za waya zosakhazikika

Kuwonjezera pa waya wozungulira, mphero yagolide yasiliva ya mkuwa iwiri yozungulira imatha kupanganso waya wooneka ngati sikweya, wamakona anayi, wa hexagonal, ndi zina zotero. Mawaya osasinthasinthawa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zapadera zamakina ndi ntchito zamanja. Mwachitsanzo, waya wa sikweya wa mkuwa ungagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga ma windings a mota; waya wachitsulo wa hexagonal ungagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mabolts ndi mtedza.

(a)3）Kukonza chitoliro chachitsulo

①Kupanga mapaipi opanda msoko

Mphero yozungulira yagolide, siliva ndi mkuwa ingagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi zida zoboola ndi zida zotambasula kuti apange mapaipi osapindika. Choyamba, chitsulocho chimakulungidwa mu mipiringidzo yozungulira, kenako chimaboola pakati pa mipiringidzo pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo choboola kuti chipange chubu chopanda kanthu. Kenako, tambasulani billet kudzera mu chipangizo chotambasula kuti mukwaniritse kukula komwe mukufuna komanso makulidwe a khoma. Mapaipi osapindika opangidwa ndi njira iyi ali ndi khalidwe lapamwamba komanso mphamvu, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'minda monga mafuta, mankhwala, ndi gasi wachilengedwe.

②Kupanga mapaipi olumikizidwa

Kuwonjezera pa mapaipi osasoka, mphero yagolide yasiliva ya mkuwa iwiri yozungulira imathanso kupanga mapaipi olumikizidwa. Choyamba, chitsulocho chimakulungidwa kukhala chidutswa cha chitsulo, kenako chitsulocho chimakulungidwa kukhala ngati chubu pogwiritsa ntchito zida zozungulira. Kenako, mipiringidzo ya mapaipi imakulungidwa pamodzi pogwiritsa ntchito zida zolumikizira kuti apange mapaipi olumikizidwa. Njirayi imapanga mapaipi olumikizidwa omwe ali ndi mtengo wotsika komanso ogwira ntchito kwambiri, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'minda monga zomangamanga, madzi ndi ngalande, mpweya wabwino, ndi zina zotero.

(a)4）Ntchito zina

Kukonza pamwamba pa zinthu zachitsulo

Chopangira golide, siliva ndi mkuwa chopangira mitu iwiri chimatha kukonza pamwamba pa zinthu zachitsulo, monga kukongoletsa, kupukuta, ndi zina zotero. Zopangira pamwambazi zimatha kukonza kukongola ndi kukana dzimbiri kwa zinthu zachitsulo, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokongoletsa, kumanga, mipando, ndi zina.

Kukonza zinthu zachitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana

Mphero yopangira golide, siliva, ndi mkuwa ingagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi zida zina zopangira zinthu zachitsulo. Mwachitsanzo, zipangizo ziwiri zosiyana zachitsulo zitha kuphatikizidwa pamodzi pozigubuduza kuti zipange mapepala kapena mapaipi ophatikizana. Kukonza kophatikizana kumeneku kungagwiritse ntchito bwino ubwino wa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zachitsulo, kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a chinthucho komanso nthawi yogwirira ntchito.

Mapeto

Monga zida zapamwamba zopangira zitsulo,golide siliva mkuwa awiri mitu yozungulira mpheroIli ndi kapangidwe kake kapadera komanso ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Imatha kupukusa zitsulo monga golide, siliva, ndi mkuwa m'mawonekedwe ndi kukula kosiyanasiyana kuti ikwaniritse zosowa za madera osiyanasiyana. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo komanso kufunikira kwa msika komwe kukukula, mphero yagolide yasiliva ya mkuwa iwiri idzakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pantchito yokonza zitsulo. Nthawi yomweyo, tikuyembekezeranso kutulukira kwa ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri wamphero yopukusa zitsulo mtsogolo, zomwe zidzabweretsa mwayi waukulu wopititsa patsogolo makampani opanga zitsulo.

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