Nkhani

Golide ndi chitsulo chamtengo wapatali. Anthu ambiri amachigula ndi cholinga chosunga ndi kuyamikira mtengo wake. Koma chokhumudwitsa n’chakuti anthu ena amaona kuti golide kapena ndalama zawo zachikumbutso zachita dzimbiri.

Golide weniweni sachita dzimbiri

Zitsulo zambiri zimachita ndi okosijeni kupanga ma oxides achitsulo, omwe timawatcha dzimbiri. Koma monga chitsulo chamtengo wapatali, golide sachita dzimbiri. Chifukwa chiyani? Ili ndi funso lochititsa chidwi. Tiyenera kuthetsa chinsinsi kuchokera ku zinthu zoyambira zagolide.

Mu chemistry, oxidation reaction ndi njira yamankhwala yomwe chinthu chimataya ma electron ndikukhala ma ion abwino. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa okosijeni m'chilengedwe, zimakhala zosavuta kupeza ma elekitironi kuchokera kuzinthu zina kuti apange ma oxides. Choncho, timatcha ndondomekoyi makutidwe ndi okosijeni anachita. Mphamvu ya okosijeni kupeza ma elekitironi ndi yotsimikizika, koma kuthekera kwa chinthu chilichonse kutaya ma electron ndi kosiyana, zomwe zimadalira mphamvu ya ionization ya ma elekitironi akunja a chinthucho.

Mapangidwe a atomiki a golide

Golide ali ndi kukana kwambiri kwa okosijeni. Monga chitsulo chosinthira, mphamvu yake yoyamba ya ionization ndi yokwera mpaka 890.1kj/mol, yachiwiri ndi mercury (1007.1kj/mol) kumanja kwake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndizovuta kwambiri kuti mpweya ugwire electron kuchokera ku golidi. Golide osati ndi mphamvu ionization apamwamba kuposa zitsulo zina, komanso mkulu atomization enthalpy chifukwa ma elekitironi unpaired mu 6S kanjira. The atomization enthalpy wa golide ndi 368kj / mol (mercury ndi 64kj / mol), zomwe zikutanthauza kuti golide ali ndi mphamvu zomangira zitsulo, ndipo maatomu a golide amakopeka kwambiri, pamene maatomu a mercury samakopeka kwambiri. ndikosavuta kubowoleredwa ndi maatomu ena.